Scientists Of Pakistan Series Professor Dr Salimuzzaman Siddiqui. (1999-2)

Dr Salimuzzaman Siddiqui was born on October, 19,1897, and passed his B.A. examination from Aligarh MAO College in 1919. Later he obtained his Doctorate (D.ren.nat) degree from Frankfurt/M. University, Germany, in 1927.

On return to the then India he established the Ayurvedic and Unani Tibbi Research Institute at Dehli (1928) and joined it in 1929 and worked there with his usual zeal and commitment. During the troubled period of the 2nd world war, he was appointed in the Indian Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, where early in 1947, he was selected as the Director of the National Chemical Laboratories (of the Indian C.S.I.R.) In addition to other responsibilities and achievements in R&D, he developed the formulation of indelible ink that was used in the 1946 elections. Incidentally the same formulation is still being used in Pakistan.

Dr Siddiqui’s coming into Pakistan was agreed between the two Prime Ministers of India and Pakistan in 1948 and here he was appointed as the Director of the newly created Department of Scientific & Industrial Research in 1951. This department was later upgraded to PCSIR in 1953.

Dr Siddiqui had already started the laboratories of this premier national establishment in four barracks in the Naval Hospital Complex, Karachi. Also in 1953 he, alongwith eight others, founded the Pakistan Academy of Sciences and was thus one of the founding fathers of another prestigious S&T Organization in Pakistan.

The Government of Pakistan set up the Pakistan Science Commission and Dr S. Siddiqui, as one of its members, was the Chairman of its drafting committee: later the Government acting on the recommendations of the Commission established six research councils in the country.

In 1963 Dr Siddiqui was also made the Chairman of the Pakistan Council of Science and Technology, another organization created as a result of the Science Commission ‘s recommendations in 1961, and he was also elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of London the same year. He was the second Pakistani to receive this honour and ,till now, the only one while working in Pakistan. It was a rare occasion when the late Dr I. H. Usmani, in one of his addresses in the PCSIR Laboratories, remarked that “with Salim here and Salam there, the health of our science seems good”.

The concern and commitment which Dr Salimuzzaman Siddiqui had for the development of science in Pakistan can be gauged from the fact that he started the PCSIR with only 6 Ph.D.’ s and planned to train people abroad in advanced research Laboratories and thus raised the number to 112 Ph.D.’ s working in the PCSIR in 1966.

This 19 fold or over 8 percent per year increase in 13 years is a figure that the organization has never reached again. Dr Siddiqui retired from PCSIR in 1966 and was appointed as Professor of Chemistry and Director of Post-graduate Institute of Chemistry at the University of Karachi. Here he established in 1975 another prestigious centre of excellence, the Hussain Ebrahim Jamal Institute of Chemistry, for which there is no dearth of praise from Chemists working in the field of plant Products chemistry.

He retired from this Institute at the age of 93 and passed away on April 14th, 1994. Two of his three sons have followed in his footsteps in science & technology, one of the three retiring as Associate Professor in Theoretical Physics from Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. This brief narration reveals that Dr Salimuzzaman Siddiqui established a number of R&D as well as S&T institutions and worked with dedication to see the fructification of his efforts.

The span of his research activities is spread over 65 years, during which he published over 400 research papers and developed about 50 formulations of pharmaceutical interest and guided a large number of Ph.D. students.

Before concluding I want to share the feelings of another illustrious Pakistani scientist, the late Chaudhry Mohammad Afzal, which he expressed on the occasion of the 90th birthday of Dr Salimuzzaman Siddiqui in 1987 (Proceedings of Pakistan Academy of Sciences).

“His research output is prodigious. He is known all over the world for his pioneering work on alkaloids of drug plants, for which he has been honoured by the Third World Academy of Science by giving him a special award. He has already been honoured by several Governments and Learned Societies.

He is the second Pakistani Fellow of the Royal Society, London. I am more concerned with a shy, retiring individual his greatest contribution of Pakistan’s Science is his “Do it-yourself” work ethic.

In the HEJ Institute, every member of the staff, including Dr Siddiqui did his or her own work using their own two hands. This work-ethic had its own spin off”.

At his 90th birthday his colleagues conferred on him the honorific title of “Baba-i-Science of Pakistan” a title which he so richly deserved.

Professor Dr Salimuzzaman Siddiqui died on April 14, 1994, May Allah bless his soul.

Contribution: Chairman Pakistan Council of Science and Technology.

To commemorate the 5th Death Anniversary of the eminent Scientist of Pakistan Professor Dr Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistan Post Office is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs 5 denomination on April 14,1999.

International Conference On 100 Years Of The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia. (1999-1)

 

Pakistan is hosting a two-day International Conference in Islamabad on January 27-28, 1999, on 100 Years of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, as a mark of solidarity and goodwill for the brotherly nation. The theme of the Conference is “Saudi Arabia as a source of strength and stability in the Muslim world”.

The kingdom is currently celebrating 100 Years of Its consolidation and reconstruction. The year 1319 of Hijra Calendar marked the beginning of a new era for the Arabian Peninsula when the late Abdul Aziz Bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud unified the different parts to establish the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It was a great event in contemporary history, as historic as the birth of Pakistan in 1947.

For Pakistan the event of the completion of 100 years of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia is also of great significance. Both the nations have much in common: their religion; their culture; their history as ideological states; and their quest for a better tomorrow in the 21st century as a modern welfare Islamic state.

Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have maintained extremely cordial relations and strong ties of mutual trust, cooperation and brotherhood since times immemorial. Even before Pakistan’s independence, close fraternal ties had existed between the Muslim national of the sub-continent led by Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Au Jinnah and the great Founder of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, King Abdul Aziz Al Saud.

King Abdul Aziz sent a donation of Pounds Sterling 10,000 for the relief of the Muslims of Bengal during the 1943-famine. This donation was sent not to the British Administration but to the Quaid-i-Azam as President of the Muslim League and was a manifestation of the highest regards king Abdul Aziz had not just for the Muslim nation of the sub-continent but also for the leadership of the Quaid-i-Azam.

On the establishment of Pakistan, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was one of those brotherly Muslim countries who accorded immediate recognition to the new Islamic State. Today, the two brotherly nations have come a long way in their close cooperation in different fields of common interest. The relationship between the two countries stands out today as a model of brotherhood, progress and stability in the region.

The two-day International Conference in Islamabad is not just an expression of solidarity with he Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, but also a tribute to the Saudi nation on their remarkable transformation from a desert nation into a prosperous modern state ready to enter the new millennium holding its head high.

To commemorate the occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a set of 2 commemorative Postage Stamps denomination of Rs 15 and Rs 2 and a Souvenir Sheet of Rs 20 on January 27, 1999. First Day of Issue covers and leaflet priced at Rs 3 and Rs 5 are also brought out.

GOLDEN JUBILEE CELEBRATIONS OF THE ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY (1974-2024) JULY 23, 2024 (2024-6)

 

Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) is a Public Sector University of Pakistan with over 1 Million students on its roll and is the second largest Open University in Asia. The University is entrusted with the responsibility of imparting education to all the strata's of society and is operating in all the provinces of Pakistan.

AIOU is a prominent institution of distance education established in 1974. The university is named after Allama Muhammad Iqbal, a renowned philosopher, poet, and politician who played a pivotal role in the creation of Pakistan, AIOU is the first open niversity in Asia and one of the largest distance learning institutions in the world.

AIOU aims to provide accessible and affordable education to a diverse population, catering to the needs of individuals who are unable to attend conventional brick-and-mortar institutions due to various reasons such as geographical constraints, work commitments, or financial limitations. The university has played a crucial rote in expanding educational opportunities across Pakistan and beyond.

One of the distinctive features of AIOU is its commitment to inclusive education. It offers a wide range of academic programs, including undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral degrees, as well as diplomas and certificates in various disciplines. The diverse academic offerings encompass fields such as humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, business administration, and technical and vocational education.

AIOU operates on a semester system, providing flexibility for students to pursue their education

at their own pace. The university employs a comprehensive and innovative approach to distance learning. Incorporating printed course materials, multimedia resources, and online platforms to facilitate effective learning. The use of modern technology enables students to access study materials, submit assignments, and interact with instructors and fellow students from the comfort of their homes.

The university's commitment to reaching underserved population is evident in its extensive network of regional and sub-regional offices across Pakistan. These offices serve as support centers, offering assistance to students and facilitating the delivery of study materials. AIOU's reach extends beyond national borders, as it has attracted students from various countries, contributing to the internationalization of the institution.

Through the massive technological intervention and the integrated automated suites of

applications like CMS (Campus Management Solution), EPB (Enterprise Planning &Budgeting), ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) and LMS (Learning Management System) that has enabled the students to have an improved learning experience in addition to pursuing their academic activities at their choice of time and place, besides they can also refer back to the recorded lectures available in LMS and can benefit while being off-line also. The tutoring to the students of AIOU is being provided by the quality academicians from various institutions across Pakistan.

In addition to academic pursuits, AIOU is actively involved in community development initiatives. The university collaborates with government agencies, non-profit organizations, and community groups to implement projects that address social issues, promote literacy, and enhance the quality of life for marginalized populations.

The commitment to lifelong learning is a key aspect of AIOU's philosophy, The university encourages continuous education and skill development by offering a variety of short-term courses, workshops, and training programs to meet the evolving needs of the workforce. For timely transmission and delivery of the study material and other important correspondence of the University to the enrolled students throughout country especially in far flung area, the role of Pakistan Post cannot be denied. Pakistan Post being a trusted partner has played a vital role not only in providing delivery service since the establishment of the University but also established a post office a complete Sorting Section and a complaint cell for full facilitation of the university and students. in the premises of the University.

AIOUis the largest university of Pakistan in terms of Students' enrollment and educational programmes. It is apprised that around 5 million students have graduated from the University since its enactment and are contributing to the development of motherland. The university in its Convocation recognize student achievements and confer upon them publicly the degrees. earned by them through dedication and hard work.

In conclusion, Allama Iqbal Open University stands as a beacon of accessible education, providing a platform for individuals to overcome barriers and pursue academic and professional goals. Its innovative approach to distance learning, commitment to inclusivity, and dedication. to research and community development contribute to its significance in the realm of education in Pakistan and beyond. As a trailblazer in open and distance learning, AIOU continues to play a crucial role in shaping the educational landscape and empowering individuals to achieve their full potential.

Design elements of Commemorative Postage Stamps and Souvenir Sheet.

These stamps are South Asia's first and Asia's second Artificial intelligence assisted postage stamps.

All stamps are set in turquoise color which symbolizes wisdom. The stamps shows dedicated students and the main campus of university,

* Souvenir Sheet encompasses all the previous issues of Pakistan Post to commemorate AIOU along with above four stamps. In the backdrop is the imposing building of Main Hall of AIOU at Islamabad campus.

On the occasion of the Golden Jubilee Celebrations of the Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, the Commemorative Postage Stamps Rs.30/-denomination (Set of 4) and a Souvenir Sheet with the Value of Rs.100/-are being issued by Pakistan Post on July 23rd, 2024.

INTERNATIONAL DAY OF THE MARKHOR COMMEMORATIVE POSTAGE STAMP AND SOUVENIR SHEET MAY 24, 2024. (2024-5)

 

The Markhor (Capra falconeri), the national animal of Pakistan, is a large wild goat species native to South Asia and Central Asia, mainly within Pakistan, India, the karakoram range, parts of Afghanistan, and the Himalayas. Since 2015 it has been classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Redlist. The word "Markhor" meaning "Snake-eater," originates from Pashto and classical Persain languages, reflecting the ancient belief that the Markhor would hunt and eat snakes. This regional myth likely arises from the male Markhor's horns, which twist and curl in a snake-like manner, leading ancient peoples to associate them with snakes. There are five sub-species of Markhor (Capra falconeri) namely Astor Markhor or AstorAstore Markhor (Capra falconeri), Bukharan Markhor (Capra falconeri heptneri), Kabul Markhor (Capra falconeri megaceros), Kahmir Markhor (Capra falconeri cashmiriensis) and Suleiman Markhor (Capra falconeri jerdoni), often based on their horn configuration.

As true goats of the Himalayas, the Kashmir Markhor (Capra falconeri cashmiriensis) is the most spectacular among wild goats. Distinguished by its large body, long spiraling horns, thick fur, and a flowing beard and neck ruff. It is widely spread from Afghanistan to Pakistan, Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Indian occupied jammu and Kashmir. In Pakistan, Kashmir Markhor, around Chitral and the border areas with Afghanistan, inhabits a number of valleys along the Kunar River (District Chitral), from Arundu on the west bank and Drosh on the east bank, upto Shoghor along the Lutkho River, and as far as Barenis along the Mastuj River. In Dir district, the Markhor accurs along the upper Panjkora River, on the slopes of Ludak Sar and Mankial in Swat and in Indus Kohistan. Its isolated populations also occur in Azad Jammu and Kashmir in the western extremity of the Kazinag Range.

The main predators of the Markhor include the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx). snow leopard (Panthera uncial), Himalayan wolf (Canis lupus chanco), and brown bear (Ursus arctos). Young Markhors are also preyed upon by the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos). Markhor have sharp eyesight and a strong sense of smell, which help them detect nearby predators. They are highly alert and aware of their surroundings, quickly spotting and feeling from threats in exposed areas.

Markhor in Pakistan faces numerous threats that jeopardize its survival. Habitat loss due to deforestation, agricultural expansion, and infrastructure development significantly reduces the areas where these wild goats can't live and forage. Additionally, illegal hunting and poaching. driven by the high value of their distinctive spiraled horns, have led to a drastic decline in their population. Competition with domestic livestock for food and water resources further strains their already limited habitat. Climate change also poses a growing threat, altering the delicate balance of their mountainous ecosystems. These challenges collectively threatened the Kashmir Markhor, highlighting the regent need for comprehensive conservation efforts to protect and preserve this iconic species.

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has officially declared May 24th as the International Day of the Markhor, following a resolution sponsored by Pakistan and eight other countries. This significant move aims to promote global awareness and cooperation for the conservation of the Markhor. The resolution urges all stakeholders to prioritize efforts to protect the Markhor and its natural habitat, recognizing its ecological importance and potential for enhancing regional economies through sustainable tourism and conservation initiatives.

On the occasion of declaration of International Day of the Markhor by the UN, a Commemorative Postage Stamp of Rs. 30/- denomination and Souvenir Sheet (Value of Rs. 100/-) are being issued by Pakistan Post on 24th May 2024.

60TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN & KUWAIT. FEBRUARY 20, 2024 (2024-4)

 

Pakistan enjoys cordial and brotherly relations with the State of Kuwait. The diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1963. The Kuwaitis acknowledge with appreciation the assistance provided by Pakistan during Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1991. This year, both countries are celebrating 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations.

The bilateral relations are deep rooted in shared faith and values, identity of views; and convergence of interests. The relation has a sustained history of standing by each other in testing times and supporting each other at various international and regional fora. Kuwait extended much needed support to Pakistan for the former's exit from FATF Grey List. Kuwait also provides Pakistan oil on deferred payments. During Covid pandemic, Pakistan helped Kuwait by sending its medical professionals (while Indian, Phillipino and others were leaving Kuwait). Since then, over 3000 Pakistani healthcare professionals including doctors, nurses and medical technicians are serving there. The two countries share common perception on most of the international and regional issues, including Palestine, Kashmir (at OIC forum) as well as raising voice against Islamophobia. On India's illegal actions in IIOJ&K, since 5th August 2019, Kuwait being non-permanent member of the United Nation Security Council (UNSC) and an important member of the OIC, supported Pakistan's position at the two fora.

The relationship has been marked by the numerous high level visits between the two countries. At the leadership level, the former Amir of Kuwait, Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmed Al Jaber Al-Sabah, paid his first State visit to Pakistan on 19-20 June 2006. Former Kuwaiti Prime Minister H.E. Sheikh Jabir Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al- Sabah visited Pakistan on 10-11 November 2013 on invitation of the then Prime Minister. Former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif paid a two-day official visit to Kuwait on 6-7 March 2017. The President of Pakistan Dr. Arif Alvi visited Kuwait in October 2020 to condole the demise of late Amir Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah. Recently, the Amir of the State of Kuwait accepted the President's invitation to visit Pakistan. At the Foreign Ministers' level, in recent times the former Foreign Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi visited Kuwait on 18-19 May 2019 at the invitation of his counterpart, H.E Sheikh Sabah Khaled Al Hamad Al-Sabah in order to address the issue of visa restrictions on Pakistani nationals in place since 2011.

The former Foreign Minister of Kuwait Sheikh Dr. Ahmad Nasser Mohammed-al-Sabah visited Pakistan on 18-19 March 2021 at invitation of the former Foreign Minister. The former Kuwaiti Foreign Minister again visited Islamabad during 17th Extraordinary Session of OIC-CFM in December 2021 and then at 48thSession of OIC- CFM in March 2022.

Both the countries Signed visa abolition agreement (diplomatic and official passports only) on 11 November 2013 at Islamabad.

The two countries have established Institutional Mechanisms of cooperation including Bilateral Political Consultations (3rd round held in Islamabad on 27 January 2021) and Joint Ministerial Commission (4th session held in Islamabad in September 2018). Next session of both mechanisms will be convened in last quarter of this year on mutually agreed dates.

As far as bilateral trade between the two countries is concerned, it stood at US$ 2.4 billion in FY 2021-22. Investments from Kuwait during FY-2021-22 stood at US$ 45.6 million.

Kuwait hosts approximately 100,000 Pakistani nationals, as per figures given by Kuwaiti authorities in February 2021. They remitted US$ 934 million in FY 2021-22.

To commemorate the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Pakistan and Kuwait, Pakistan Post is issuing a postage stamp of Rs. 30/= denomination on 20^th February 2024.